As the dust begins to settle a bit on the COVID pandemic, many organizations are wrestling with the decision of whether to bring everyone back into the office. Many executives and managers are urging a higher level of Return to Office (RTO), while employees tend to prefer working almost entirely...

Proper maintenance is obviously important for the smooth operation of any building. But maintenance is also a key component of safety. As a certified practitioner in CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design), I’ve had the opportunity to study how the security of people and property can...

Planners support architects by quantifying the court’s space needs in a way that justifies the architectural conclusions. While it may be tempting to involve planners in the early phases of a courthouse project and then “pass the torch” to architects during the programming and design phases,...

Whether you are building a new courthouse, renovating a police station, or transitioning your in-person office to a hybrid office, a key element in any space project is using design standards. Design standards define the types of individual spaces needed, their intended use, occupancy, square...

In the architectural world, the practice of developing space requirements for a project is known as space programming. It is done during the pre-design phase and provides the baseline space requirements for a construction project. The programming process involves a combination of conducting client...